Manchester | |
---|---|
Former Borough constituency | |
for the House of Commons | |
County | Lancashire (now Greater Manchester) |
Major settlements | Manchester |
1832–1885 | |
Number of members | 1832–1868: Two 1868–1885: Three |
Replaced by | Manchester East Manchester North Manchester North East Manchester North West Manchester South Manchester South West |
Created from | Lancashire |
1654 | –1660|
Type of constituency | Borough constituency |
Manchester was a Parliamentary borough constituency in the county of Lancashire which was represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Its territory consisted of the city of Manchester.
Contents |
Manchester had first been represented in Parliament in 1654, when it was granted one seat in the First Protectorate Parliament. However, as with other boroughs enfranchised during the Commonwealth, it was disenfranchised at the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660.
The subsequent growth of Manchester into a major industrial city left its lack of representation a major anomaly, and demands for a seat in Parliament led to a mass public meeting in August 1819. This peaceful rally of 60,000 pro-democracy reformers, men, women and children, was attacked by armed cavalry resulting in 15 deaths and over 600 injuries,[1] and became known as the Peterloo Massacre.
Reform was attempted unsuccessfully by Lord John Russell, whose bills in 1828 and 1830 were rejected by the Commons. The city was finally enfranchised by the Reform Act of 1832, and at the 1832 general election, Manchester returned two Members of Parliament (MPs). The Reform Act 1867 increased this in 1868 to three Members of Parliament.
Under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, the constituency was abolished with effect from the 1885 general election, when the city was split into six new single-member divisions: East, North, North East, North West, South, and South West.
Election | 1st Member[2] | 1st Party[3] | 2nd Member | 2nd Party | 3rd Member | 3rd Party | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1832 | Mark Philips | Whig | Charles Poulett Thomson | Whig | 2 seats until 1868 3 seats from 1868 to 1885 |
|||||
1839 by-election | Robert Hyde Greg | Whig | ||||||||
1841 | Thomas Milner Gibson | Whig | ||||||||
1847 | John Bright | Radical | ||||||||
1857 | John Potter | Whig | James Aspinall Turner | Whig | ||||||
1858 by-election | Thomas Bazley | Whig / Liberal | ||||||||
1865 | Edward James | Liberal | ||||||||
1867 by-election | Jacob Bright | Liberal | ||||||||
1868 | Hugh Birley | Conservative | ||||||||
1874 | William Romaine Callender | Conservative | ||||||||
1876 by-election | Jacob Bright | Liberal | ||||||||
1880 | John Slagg | Liberal | ||||||||
1883 by-election | William Henry Houldsworth | Conservative | ||||||||
1885 | Constituency abolished (1885) |
Manchester by-election, 1883 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Conservative | William Henry Houldsworth | 18,188 | |||
Liberal | Richard Pankhurst | 6,216 | |||
Majority | 11,972 | ||||
Turnout | |||||
Conservative hold | Swing |
General Election 1880: Manchester (3 seats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Liberal | John Slagg | 24,959 | |||
Liberal | Jacob Bright | 24,789 | |||
Conservative | Hugh Birley | 20,594 | |||
Conservative | William Henry Houldsworth | 20,268 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | ||||
Conservative hold | Swing |
Manchester by-election, 1875 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Liberal | Jacob Bright | 22,535 | |||
Conservative | S Powell | 20,974 | |||
Majority | 1,561 | ||||
Turnout | |||||
Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing |
General Election 1874: Manchester (3 seats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Conservative | Hugh Birley | 19,984 | |||
Conservative | William Romaine Callender | 19,649 | |||
Liberal | Thomas Bazley | 19,325 | |||
Liberal | Jacob Bright | 18,727 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Conservative gain from Liberal | Swing | ||||
Conservative hold | Swing | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing |
General Election 1868: Manchester (3 seats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Conservative | Hugh Birley | 15,486 | |||
Liberal | Thomas Bazley | 14,192 | |||
Liberal | Jacob Bright | 13,154 | |||
Conservative | Joseph Hoare | 12,684 | |||
Liberal | Ernest Jones | 10,662 | |||
Liberal | Henry Mitchell | 5,256 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Conservative hold | Swing | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing |
Manchester by-election, 1867 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Liberal | Jacob Bright | 8,160 | |||
Conservative | J M Bennett | 6,420 | |||
Liberal | Henry Mitchell | 643 | |||
Majority | 1,740 | ||||
Turnout | |||||
Liberal hold | Swing |
General Election 1865: Manchester (2 seats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Liberal | Thomas Bazley | 7,909 | |||
Liberal | Edward James | 6,698 | |||
Liberal | Jacob Bright | 5,562 | |||
Liberal | Abel Heywood | 4,242 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Liberal hold | Swing | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing |
General Election 1859: Manchester (2 seats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Liberal | Thomas Bazley | 7,545 | |||
Liberal | James Aspinall Turner | 7,300 | |||
Liberal | Abel Heywood | 5,448 | |||
Conservative | Capt. Denman | 5,201 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Liberal hold | Swing | ||||
Liberal hold | Swing |
In the 1858 Manchester by-election, Thomas Bazley, Whig was elected unopposed.
General Election 1857: Manchester (2 seats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Whig | John Potter | 8,368 | |||
Whig | James Aspinall Turner | 7,884 | |||
Whig | Thomas Milner Gibson | 5,588 | |||
Whig | John Bright | 5,458 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Whig hold | Swing | ||||
Whig hold | Swing |
General Election 1852: Manchester (2 seats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Whig | Rt Hon. Thomas Milner Gibson | 5,762 | |||
Whig | John Bright | 5,475 | |||
Conservative | George Loch | 4,364 | |||
Conservative | Capt. Hon. Joseph Denman | 3,969 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Whig hold | Swing | ||||
Whig hold | Swing |
In the 1847 general election, both candidates were elected unopposed:
General Election 1841: Manchester (2 seats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Whig | Mark Philips | 3,695 | |||
Whig | Thomas Milner Gibson | 3,615 | |||
Conservative | George Murray | 3,115 | |||
Conservative | Willam Entwistle | 2,692 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Whig hold | Swing | ||||
Whig hold | Swing |
Manchester by-election, 1839 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Whig | Robert Hyde Greg | 3,096 | |||
Conservative | George Murray | 2,959 | |||
Whig | Colonel Thomson | 93 | |||
Majority | 137 | ||||
Turnout | |||||
Whig hold | Swing |
General Election 1837: Manchester (2 seats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Whig | Charles Poulett Thomson | 4,158 | |||
Whig | Mark Philips | 3,750 | |||
Conservative | William Ewart Gladstone | 2,281 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Whig hold | Swing | ||||
Whig hold | Swing |
Manchester by-election, 1835 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Whig | Charles Poulett Thomson | 3,205 | |||
Conservative | B Braidley | 1,839 | |||
Majority | 1,366 | ||||
Turnout | |||||
Whig hold | Swing |
General Election 1835: Manchester (2 seats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Whig | Charles Poulett Thomson | 3,355 | |||
Whig | Mark Philips | 3,163 | |||
Conservative | B Braidley | 2,535 | |||
Whig | Charles Wolseley | 583 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Whig hold | Swing | ||||
Whig hold | Swing |
General Election 1832: Manchester (2 seats) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
Whig | Mark Philips | 2,923 | |||
Whig | Charles Poulett Thomson | 2,068 | |||
Whig | Samuel Jones Loyd | 1,832 | |||
Tory | John Thomas Hope | 1,560 | |||
Whig | William Cobbett | 1,305 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout |